Overcoming Pharmacokinetic and Peripheral Safety Challenges in Psychedelic Therapies: The Promise of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems.
Classic serotonergic psychedelics-such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)-hold remarkable promise for treating neuropsychiatric disorders, yet their clinical translation is severely constrained by first-pass metabolism, erratic pharm
- Authors
- Zhang T, Lin C, Wang X
- Journal
- ACS pharmacology & translational science
- Published
- 2026-06-12
- DOI
- 10.1021/acsptsci.6c00146
- PMID
- 42312173
- Content type
- Review
- Authority
- Academic
Abstract
Classic serotonergic psychedelics-such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)-hold remarkable promise for treating neuropsychiatric disorders, yet their clinical translation is severely constrained by first-pass metabolism, erratic pharmacokinetics, unsuitable action profiles, and off-target peripheral serotonin effects. To overcome these barriers, advanced delivery systemssuch as transdermal and microneedle patches, intranasal sprays, sublingual films, and injectable formulationshave been developed, alongside molecular strategies including prodrugs, "off-switch" 5-HT receptor antagonists for session control, selective receptor bias, and adjunctive pharmacological approaches. These innovations help bypass hepatic metabolism, enable precise control over onset and duration of action, and minimize peripheral receptor activation. Preclinical and early clinical evidence shows gains in bioavailability, half-life extension, and conversion of fleeting psychedelic effects into manageable windows. These platforms offer a path to safer, patient-centered therapies. Despite regulatory and trial-design challenges, delivery innovations provide the essential pharmacokinetic toolkit to advance the field and clinical adoption.
Citation
Zhang T, Lin C, Wang X (2026) Overcoming Pharmacokinetic and Peripheral Safety Challenges in Psychedelic Therapies: The Promise of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems.. ACS pharmacology & translational science. doi:10.1021/acsptsci.6c00146
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